Issuing agency: China Association of the National Shipbuilding Industry
Column: run analysis
source: https://www.cansi.org.cn/cms/document/10186.html
1. Basic situation of economic operation (1) Three major shipbuilding indicators fell by two and one rose. In 2015, the national shipbuilding completion volume was 41.84 million deadweight tons, a year-on-year increase of 7.1%; the number of new ship orders accepted was 31.26 million deadweight tons, a year-on-year decrease of 47.9%. As of the end of December, the number of ship orders in hand was 123.04 million deadweight tons, a year-on-year decrease of 12.3%. Export ships accounted for 88.6%, 88.6%, and 95.7% of the national shipbuilding completions, new orders, and orders on hand respectively.
(2) Decline in economic benefits of the shipbuilding industry. In 2015, there were 1,452 shipbuilding industry enterprises above designated size nationwide, achieving main business income of 789.38 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 1.3%. Among them, the shipbuilding industry was 400.51 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 1.2%; the ship supporting industry was 101.62 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 9.5%; the ship repair industry was 22.74 billion yuan, A year-on-year decrease of 0.1%; offshore engineering special equipment manufacturing was 69.83 billion yuan, a year-on-year decrease of 4%.
The total profit of shipbuilding industry enterprises above designated size was 17.9 billion yuan, a year-on-year decrease of 32.3%. Among them, the shipbuilding industry was 14.32 billion yuan, a year-on-year decrease of 1.9%; the ship supporting industry was 4.92 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 12.1%; the ship repair industry was 1.02 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 5047%; the marine engineering special equipment manufacturing loss was 1.5 billion yuan, and the total profit was a 149.9% decrease year-on-year. (3) Ship exports have picked up. In 2015, my country's ship export value was US$28.02 billion, a year-on-year increase of 11.2%. Among my country's exports of ship products, bulk carriers, oil tankers and container ships still dominate, with a total export value of US$15.71 billion, accounting for 55.9% of total exports. my country's ship products are exported to 188 countries and regions, and Asia is still the main region for my country's ship exports. Among them, The value of ship exports to Asia was US$16.45 billion, accounting for 58.7%; the value of ship exports to Europe was US$3.57 billion, accounting for 12.7%; the value of ship exports to Latin America was US$3.34 billion, accounting for 11.9%; the value of ship exports to Oceania was US$3.16 billion, accounting for 11.3%.
2. Main features of economic operation (1) Seizing opportunities and taking active actions, industrial concentration has further increased. In 2015, in response to the increasingly severe market situation, my country's backbone shipbuilding enterprises have taken active actions, strengthened customer contact, worked hard to do a good job as shipowners, and successfully completed ship deliveries. Seizing market opportunities, increasing marketing efforts, vigorously developing new ship types, and grabbing market orders, the industry's industrial concentration has further increased. In 2015, The completion volume of the top 10 companies in the country in terms of shipbuilding completion volume accounted for 53.4% of the country's total, an increase of 2.8 percentage points from 2014; the order volume of the top 10 companies in new orders accounted for 70.6% of the country's total, an increase of 15.1 percentage points from 2014. my country has 3 and 4 companies respectively in the top 10 of the world's shipbuilding completion volume and new orders, which is an increase from the previous year. (2) Actively adapting to the new normal, transformation and upgrading have achieved remarkable results. In 2015, facing the sluggish market environment, my country's backbone shipping companies increased their independent research and development efforts, and achieved significant results in product innovation. The three major mainstream ship types were fully upgraded, 172,000 cubic meters membrane type liquefied natural gas (LNG) ships, 83,000 cubic meters very large fully cooled liquefied petroleum gas carriers (VLGC), 18,000TEU container ships, High-end products such as 8,500-space car ro-ro ship, 45,000-ton ro-ro ship, 37,000-ton asphalt ship, Arctic deep-water semi-submersible drilling platform, cylindrical offshore living platform, R550 self-elevating drilling platform, etc. were delivered. 20,000 box-class container ships, a new generation of 400,000-ton very large ore carriers (VLOC), very large crude oil carriers (VLCC), New ship types such as 7,800-space car ro-ro ships have received batch orders. Strategic, forward-looking product research and development has been steadily advancing, and the research and development of 70,000 gross tonnage luxury cruise ships with independent intellectual property rights, 38.8,000-ton intelligent demonstration ships, seventh-generation ultra-deep water drilling platforms, new polar self-breaking ice-breaking scientific research ships, 10,000-space ultra-large car ro-ro ships, and very large ethane carriers (VLEC) have made positive progress. Breakthroughs were made in the research and development of a number of independent brands of power equipment, such as dual-fuel medium-speed engines and gas medium-speed engines. Shipbuilding was completed throughout the year, and the load-to-repair ratio of new orders reached 0.353 and 0.387 respectively, a record high. (3) Breakthroughs in intelligent manufacturing, and the level of integration of the two industries continued to improve. In 2015, my country's key shipping companies continued to strengthen the innovative application of production processes, increase the application of new technologies such as digital equipment and intelligent welding robots in shipbuilding, and improve shipbuilding processes and processes. Design concentration of management, promote lean shipbuilding, further improve manufacturing quality and efficiency, and promote the simultaneous and coordinated development of informatization and automation equipment. Nantong COSCO Kawasaki Ship Engineering Co., Ltd. has become the only smart manufacturing pilot demonstration enterprise of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology in the shipping industry, and the China Classification Society has released the first "Intelligent Ship Specification". (4) The pace of "going out" has accelerated, and international production capacity cooperation has achieved remarkable results. In 2015, my country's shipbuilding companies took the opportunity of the implementation of major strategies such as the national "One Belt, One Road" initiative. Give full play to industry advantages, actively explore international markets, and fully promote international production capacity cooperation in the shipbuilding industry. China State Shipbuilding Corporation acquired the two-stroke engine business of Wärtsilä of Finland, improving the global network and enhancing customer service capabilities; United China Investment Co., Ltd. and Carnival Group, the world's largest cruise operator, signed a joint venture agreement to jointly establish a luxury cruise shipowner company in China, filling the gap in my country's cruise design and construction. Yantai CIMC Raffles Offshore Engineering Co., Ltd. provides services to the Persian Gulf, Caspian Sea, Countries and regions such as the Gulf of Mexico and Russia have created a number of high-end marine engineering equipment general contracting projects, demonstrating the example of "Made in China + Chinese Capital + Chinese Operation". China South Locomotive & Rolling Stock Corporation Times Electric Co., Ltd. acquired the British SMD Company, the world's second largest deep-sea robot supplier, and Shandong Offshore Engineering Equipment Co., Ltd. acquired the Norwegian drilling contractor Northern Offshore (NOF), accelerating the process of high-end, industrialization and internationalization of my country's marine equipment. (5) Take multiple measures to reduce costs and manage the sluggish market demand. Fierce market competition has forced my country's shipping companies to more control operating costs and increase cost reduction and efficiency improvement. Companies lock in production costs through centralized procurement, negotiating prices with customers, signing strategic agreements and other measures; through comprehensive sorting, fixed positions and staffing, and streamlining and optimizing outsourced workers to reduce labor costs; through strengthening budget management, strictly controlling procurement costs, promoting energy conservation and consumption reduction, strengthening accounts receivable and inventory management, and reducing capital costs; through the steel management system module, Information methods such as inventory material information platforms can improve the utilization rate of steel, reduce steel purchase and inventory, and save material costs. Key enterprises have streamlined their internal production management working mechanisms, strengthened production management models centered on production plans, effectively improved refined management capabilities, and gradually established and improved a complete production management system from production planning to production technology, to production planning and production organization. Coordinate the centralized procurement of supporting resources, carry out special activities for management improvement, and strengthen supplier product quality control. Increase scientific and technological innovation, promote the improvement of management level, and continuously enhance core competitiveness. (6) The producer service industry has been vigorously developed, and the industry industry chain has been further improved. In 2015, under the circumstances of a sharp decline in ship market demand, my country's backbone shipping companies adjusted their product structure and achieved diversified development, vigorously developed the producer service industry, and the industry industry chain has been further improved. CSSC's non-ship equipment industry has gradually formed its own characteristics, including shield boring machines, land-based environmental protection equipment, steel structures, Businesses such as wind towers have further expanded the market, and the institute's technology industry continues to develop. Among them, Hudong Heavy Machinery Co., Ltd. actively promotes global service work for power equipment, and has initially formed an after-sales service organization - Hudong Heavy Machinery Global Technical Services (HHM GTS). It continues to promote the construction of outlets in Hamburg, Athens, Singapore, Dubai, Houston and other places, and has partners in many places; CSSC South China Marine Machinery Co., Ltd. is deeply involved in the Southeast Asian after-sales service market, and the proportion of service business operating income continues to rise. China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation has formed a number of leading non-shipping brand products in the four major fields of marine equipment industry, strategic emerging industries, electromechanical equipment industry, and productive modern service industry. (7) Mergers and reorganizations have been steadily advancing, and "overcapacity reduction" has achieved initial results. In 2015, facing the severe situation of overcapacity in the industry, my country's shipbuilding companies worked hard to resolve excess production capacity through various channels. The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology announced the third batch of 11 companies that have passed the review of the "Standardized Conditions for the Shipbuilding Industry" and the first batch of 7 companies of the "Standardized Conditions for the Marine Engineering Equipment (Platform) Industry"; enterprise groups have stepped up efforts to reduce production capacity. CSSC took the initiative to close the ship repair business of the Puxi plant of Shanghai Shipyard Shipbuilding Co., Ltd., Sinotrans & CSC Group Co., Ltd. reduced the production capacity of Qingshan Shipyard, integrated the production management of Jiangdong Shipyard, and exited the shipbuilding business of Yichang Shipyard, China Shipping (Group) The head office is reorganizing the ship repair sector in accordance with the strategic requirements of "advance and retreat, advance and retreat in an orderly manner"; key enterprises actively promote mergers and reorganizations. Dalian Shipbuilding Industry Group Co., Ltd. merged with Dalian Dayang Ship Engineering Co., Ltd., Taizhou Port Shipbuilding Co., Ltd. repurchased 45% of the shares of Taizhou AVIC Shipbuilding Industry Co., Ltd., CIMC Enric Holdings Co., Ltd. acquired 30% of the shares of Nantong Pacific Ocean Engineering Co., Ltd.; some products have low technical content, no marketability, and enterprises that continue to suffer losses. It is in a state of semi-stop production. According to incomplete statistics, the industry-wide reduction of excess production capacity exceeds 10 million deadweight tons. (8) Ship repair market demand rebounded, and the ship repair industry developed steadily. In 2015, benefiting from the impact of low oil prices, the oil tanker repair business grew significantly, but the demand for large offshore engineering equipment and special ship repair and modification was insufficient. The China Shipbuilding Industry Association Ship Repair Branch played the role of industry self-discipline, Actively organize the compilation of the "China Ship Repair Quality Standards" and the "China Ship Repair Price Guidelines", promote the editing of the industry's ship repair price book, and promote the establishment of a green ship repair industry alliance focusing on ultra-high pressure water rust removal, so as to maintain the steady development of the ship repair industry. Statistics show that in 2015, the top 15 ship repair yards in the country completed an output value of 12.9 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 9.6%; 3,740 ships were repaired. A year-on-year increase of 12.8%; in the first 11 months alone, the ship repair industry achieved a total profit of 820 million yuan, a year-on-year increase of 153%. In addition to routine repair tasks, key ship repair companies also worked hard to undertake high-end modification projects. CSSC Chengxi Shipbuilding (Guangzhou) Co., Ltd. successfully delivered the world's most complex VLCC modified floating production and storage tanker (FPSO) project; Hudong-Zhonghua Shipbuilding (Group) Co., Ltd. completed the modification and repair of the Liquefied Natural Gas Floating Storage and Regasification Unit (LNG-FSRU); Shanghai China Resources Dadong Ship Engineering Co., Ltd. undertook the repair of the large luxury cruise ship "Atlantic"; Jinhai Ship Engineering Co., Ltd. modified the world's first single-hook lifting engineering ship "Zhenhua 30". At the same time, it actively promoted technological innovation and used hydraulic flatbed truck technology to realize the overall construction, overall lifting and overall closing of the bulbous bow of the ultra-large container ship, and completed the hoisting of a 105-ton giant propeller. 3. Difficulties and problems in economic operation (1) The shipping market has entered a deep adjustment, and the market environment has become even worse. In 2015, due to the deep impact of the international financial crisis, the global economic growth slowed down, the new ship market continued to be sluggish, and the offshore equipment market declined sharply. Problems such as difficulty in receiving orders, difficulty in delivering ships, difficulty in financing, and difficulty in survival still plagued the healthy development of my country's shipbuilding industry. The international market share of new orders fell for the first time since the outbreak of the international financial crisis; delayed ship deliveries increased significantly. The risk of delivering orders on hand has increased; bank loan conditions have become more stringent, and financial costs have increased significantly; the problem of oversupply of shipbuilding capacity has become prominent, and shipbuilding companies have experienced bankruptcies and reorganizations. (2) International competition has become increasingly fierce, and management levels need to be improved. In 2015, the economic benefits of my country's shipbuilding companies declined sharply year-on-year. In addition to the impact of the external environment, in the face of changes in market competition, the lack of management capabilities of shipbuilding companies is also the main reason for the decline in profits. Although key companies have achieved good results in reducing costs and increasing efficiency, However, it is still difficult for some companies to effectively reduce R&D, manufacturing and labor costs; it is difficult to strictly implement production plans and improve management efficiency; it is difficult to improve product quality and reduce internal and external quality risks in terms of design, technology, procurement, etc. In the current fierce market competition, the management level of shipping companies urgently needs to be improved rapidly. (3) The market demand structure changes, and the research and development level still needs to be improved. In 2015, the demand structure of the international shipping market has undergone major changes, and the demand for bulk carriers with competitive advantages in my country has dropped rapidly. The proportion of double-height ship types such as ultra-large crude oil carriers, ultra-large container ships, and liquefied natural gas carriers has increased significantly in the entire market demand structure. The vast majority of my country's shipbuilding companies are mainly engaged in building bulk carriers. Under the current abnormally sluggish trend in the bulk carrier market, the international market position of my country's shipbuilding industry is threatened. my country's shipbuilding industry has weak research and development capabilities for high-tech ships, slow update speeds, and R&D products that do not adapt to rapid market changes. Issues such as this need to be solved urgently. (4) International oil prices have hit record lows repeatedly, and the offshore engineering equipment market has been impacted. In 2015, international oil prices hit record lows, and many oil companies have delayed or canceled multiple oil and gas construction projects. Affected by this, the offshore engineering equipment market transactions hit the lowest level in nearly 10 years. my country undertook 88 ships (seats) of various types of offshore engineering equipment worth US$3.82 billion, a year-on-year decrease of 75.5%. In addition, my country's oil prices peaked in 2013 and 2014. The large number of low-down-payment drilling platform and offshore engineering ship projects undertaken are also facing increasing delivery risks. Some projects cannot be delivered on time due to shipowners' operating difficulties, and even project cancellations have occurred. 4. Forecasts and suggestions (1) It is predicted that the world economy will continue to weaken, and the imbalance between supply and demand in the shipping market will still be prominent. It is expected that the new shipbuilding market situation will be more severe in 2016. The annual new ship transaction volume will be approximately 70 million deadweight tons, further declining compared with 2015. The price of new ships is likely to fall further. Affected by the weakening stimulus effect of low oil prices and the rapid growth of shipping capacity, the oil tanker market will decline, the overall bulk carrier market will still be at a low level, the container ship market may fall significantly, there are few hot spots in the special ship market, and the demand for most ship types will remain stable. It is expected that in 2016, the main economic indicators of my country's shipbuilding industry are expected to maintain growth, the total number of new orders will strive to remain stable, and the shipbuilding completion volume will be approximately 41 million deadweight tons. The number of orders on hand at the end of the year will be less than 120 million deadweight tons. (2) Recommendations 1. Pay close attention to various national policies to support the development of the shipbuilding industry. In 2015, the State Council issued "Made in China 2025", and offshore engineering equipment and high-tech ships were included in the ten key development areas; the "Guiding Opinions on Promoting Cooperation in International Production Capacity and Equipment Manufacturing" was promulgated, and ships and offshore engineering were included in key promotion industries. At the same time, The People's Bank of China and other nine ministries and commissions jointly issued the "Guiding Opinions on Financial Support for Accelerating Structural Adjustment and Promoting Transformation and Upgrading of the Shipbuilding Industry" to promote the financial industry to provide services for the structural adjustment, transformation and upgrading of the shipbuilding industry; the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, and the China Insurance Regulatory Commission jointly issued the "Notice on Launching the Pilot Work on the Insurance Compensation Mechanism for the First (Set) of Major Technical Equipment", and high-tech ships and marine engineering equipment were included in the catalog; the National Development and Reform Commission issued the "Notice on Implementing Major Project Packages to Enhance the Core Competitiveness of the Manufacturing Industry." High-end ships and marine engineering equipment are listed as six key areas. All fields of my country's shipbuilding industry must take active actions, take the spirit of the Central Economic Work Conference as the main line, step up the implementation of major strategies such as the national "One Belt and One Road", proactively connect various supporting policies, give full play to industry advantages, strive to resolve the contradiction of structural overcapacity, accelerate industry transformation and upgrading, and improve industry competitiveness. 2. Accelerate the improvement of scientific research capabilities, support industrial transformation and upgrading with R&D innovation, and further improve innovative R&D systems and mechanisms. Use independent innovation to promote industrial structure adjustment and development mode transformation; further strengthen research on basic common technologies and cutting-edge technologies, strengthen the foundation of innovation, enhance technical reserves, and build original innovation capabilities. Utilize domestic engineering technology research centers, engineering laboratories and other innovation platforms to improve the industrial technology innovation system; use public service platforms to enhance the research and development capabilities of basic industrial basic common technologies and improve the basic industrial technology system; vigorously carry out new technology research and development in energy saving, emission reduction, low carbon, environmental protection, etc., and develop environmentally friendly green ships. Lead the market demand; implement major innovation projects, realize the integration of industry, academia, research and application, and solve technical problems in related fields. 3. Implement relevant financing support policies as soon as possible to maintain the competitiveness of the shipbuilding industry. The current international shipbuilding market continues to be sluggish, and financing support is crucial for the shipbuilding industry to obtain orders. We call on banks and other financial institutions to effectively increase their support for shipbuilding companies, especially key shipbuilding companies, implement differentiated management, support the best and the strong, and provide credit and financing to shipbuilding companies with brands, markets, and orders. Financial business support such as letters of guarantee has helped key shipbuilding companies survive the market downturn smoothly; at the same time, buyer's credit has been provided to strong and reputable foreign shipowners to encourage them to place targeted orders; and the implementation of relevant policies on the "Guiding Opinions on Financial Support for Accelerating Structural Adjustment and Promoting Transformation and Upgrading of the Shipbuilding Industry" has been further accelerated to help domestic shipbuilding companies tide over the difficulties. 4. Strengthen financial management and control exchange rate risks. In 2016, the global financial market will be turbulent, and the RMB exchange rate will increase. Shipbuilding companies must strengthen financial management, Actively adjust financial strategies, establish a financial management system and risk warning mechanism that adapt to the current environment, strengthen the monitoring and management of corporate cash flow, improve capital utilization, reduce financing costs, and control exchange rate risks, thereby effectively responding to market changes. 5. Give full play to the service role of social organizations and continue to play the role of external exchanges and industry services of social organizations such as the shipping industry association. Strengthen industry self-discipline and safeguard industry rights and interests. Actively explore and practice economic operation information service models to enable information, statistics, Processing analysis has become the link between industry development and service enterprises. Gradually establish an industry monitoring and early warning mechanism to guide the healthy development of the industry. Actively carry out work related to the Alliance of Active Shipbuilding Experts (ASEF-NGO), focusing on promoting the unified requirements for the longitudinal strength standard of container ships (URS11A) and the system handling function standard of container ships under load (URS34) recently released by the International Association of Classification Societies (IACS), as well as the revision of the structural specifications of container ships of classification societies. Carry out research on the content of the International Organization for Standardization ISO20283-5, assist the National Association of Anti-Corrosion Engineers (NACE) in collecting data on corrosion conditions of the new standard for coatings in the shipbuilding industry (PSPC), and strive to enhance the voice of my country's shipbuilding industry.